Exploring Social Sciences and Humanities Student Perspectives on AI in Higher Education: A Comprehensive Study of Usage, Ethics, and Future Intentions

Abstract

This study investigates social science students’ perceptions, attitudes, and behavioral intentions toward artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education at Sultan Qaboos University. Drawing on the Theory of Reasoned Action, the research examines factors influencing AI adoption among students, including usage patterns, awareness levels, privacy concerns, and academic integrity considerations. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire from 255 students across various social science departments. The study employed regression analysis to test two models: factors influencing attitudes toward AI and determinants of behavioral intentions to use AI. Results reveal that AI tool usage (β = .423, p < .001) and awareness (β = .198, p = .001) significantly predict positive attitudes toward AI. Contrary to previous research, privacy concerns positively correlated with favorable AI attitudes (β = .170, p = .011). Students strongly support AI integration in education for improving efficiency (mean = 3.90) and work quality (mean = 3.67), while expressing the need for clear regulatory frameworks (mean = 3.78). The findings highlight a gap between AI usage and comprehensive understanding, suggesting the need for structured AI literacy programs. The study contributes to understanding AI adoption in higher education and provides recommendations for policy development that balances technological innovation with academic integrity and ethical considerations.

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