Digital twins in healthcare (2018–2024): A scientometric analysis with emphasis on cardiology and perspectives for Colombia

Abstract

This scientometric study analyzes global research on digital twins in healthcare between 2018 and 2024, with a focus on cardiology and implications for Colombia. The retrieved data from Web of Science and Scopus were then subjected to analysis using bibliometric indicators and collaboration network mapping. The findings indicate that, following 2021, there will be sustained and accelerated growth, driven by artificial intelligence, computational modeling, and Internet of Medical Things infrastructures. Scientific production is concentrated in high-income countries, particularly the United States and China, with publications primarily disseminated in Q1 journals in biomedical engineering and digital health. Despite the evident expansion, challenges persist in clinical validation, interoperability, regulatory frameworks, and ethical governance. For Colombia and other middle-income countries, digital twins represent a strategic opportunity in cardiovascular care. However, for this potential to be realized, there is a need for stronger data ecosystems, interdisciplinary training, and international collaboration. The findings indicate a rapid expansion of the field; however, further methodological consolidation and large-scale clinical implementation are necessary to ensure the field’s credibility and relevance.

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