Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Diagnostic Decision-Making among Health Facilities in Ghana: A Case Study of Greater Accra Regional Hospital and Korle Bu Teaching Hospital

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool in healthcare, offering potential improvements in diagnostic accuracy, speed, and operational efficiency. This study investigates the extent of AI utilization, its impact on diagnostic decision-making, and challenges affecting adoption in Ghanaian hospitals, specifically Korle Bu Teaching Hospital and Greater Accra Regional Hospital. Using a quantitative cross-sectional design, data were collected from 168 healthcare professionals through structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, correlation, regression, ANOVA, and chi-square analyses were conducted. Findings indicate moderate AI adoption, concentrated in imaging and laboratory workflows. AI utilization is significantly associated with improved diagnostic outcomes (r = 0.482, p < 0.01; β = 0.421, p < 0.001). Key barriers include infrastructure limitations, high costs, limited staff training, resistance among professionals, and poor system integration. Tertiary hospitals reported higher AI adoption than regional hospitals. The study recommends strategic investment, training, policy support, and workflow integration to maximize AI’s impact in Ghanaian healthcare.

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