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Generative AI and Human Cognition in Education and Professional Practice: A Scoping Review of Dual-Edged Cognitive Impacts and a Governance Framework
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2026
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Abstract
This systematic scoping review analyzes 107 peer-reviewed articles to examine the dual role of Generative AI as both a cognitive augmenter and a stressor across education, healthcare, and professional sectors. The study introduces the Cognitive Impact Taxonomy (CIT) to evaluate AI’s influence on core intelligence and a three-layered Integrated Cognitive Symbiosis Framework (ICSF) for governed, responsible usage. Together, these contributions offer policymakers and educators a strategic pipeline to maximize AI's capabilities while mitigating long-term risks to independent reasoning and creativity.
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