The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Medication Management for Older Adults: A Systematic Review

Abstract

ABSTRACT Older adults face increased risks of medication non‐adherence, adverse drug events, and polypharmacy due to chronic health conditions and complex drug regimens. Traditional medication management approaches often fall short in addressing these challenges. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool for enhancing medication safety and personalization in geriatric care. This systematic review aimed to explore the role of AI in medication management for older adults, highlighting its effectiveness, usability, ethical implications, and integration within healthcare systems. Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across six databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, IEEE Xplore, and Cochrane Library) for studies published between January 2015 and March 2025. Eligible studies included qualitative, quantitative, and mixed‐methods research on AI‐based medication interventions for individuals aged 60 and above. Data were synthesized thematically. Twenty‐nine studies were included. Five major themes emerged: (1) AI's ability to enhance adherence through smart reminders and automation; (2) personalized and predictive capabilities in managing complex regimens; (3) design and usability challenges among older adults; (4) ethical concerns related to trust, privacy, and autonomy; and (5) the importance of seamless integration within clinical workflows. Cross‐cutting observations emphasized the need for hybrid care models, inclusive design, and digital literacy training. AI has the potential to transform geriatric medication management. However, its success depends on ethical implementation, user‐centered design, healthcare integration, and attention to equity. Long‐term evaluations are essential to ensure sustainable and inclusive outcomes.

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