Digital Innovations Improving Nursing Practice Through Artificial Intelligence: The State of the Science

Abstract

Despite significant concerns about the broad use of artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical practice, registered nurses are commonly challenged to adopt, evaluate, and improve these digital solutions in almost any care environment. The aim of this study is to appraise, then analyze, the scientific literature for contemporary digital innovations that improve nursing practice through the use of AI. This scoping review with thematic analysis of digital innovations impacting nursing practice was conducted using CINAHL and PubMed databases (2022-2024). We describe the use of large language models and associated software tools in supporting this work, highlighting the essential human-in-the-loop activities involved. Results: This review highlights emerging themes, notably improved patient safety and greater trust and acceptance. A persistent emphasis on AI as an assistive entity was found across many products, processes and pilots identified in our corpus. This body of literature is rapidly evolving and characterized by multiple competing themes. The proper implementation and execution of AI as an assistive mechanism is crucial for safety enhancement, improved quality, and trust. Recommendations include the provision of transparency in all aspects of AI innovations for practice (from inception to evaluation) and participatory implementation activities.

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