Current Trends, Concerns, and Future Improvements in Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) in Education: A Literature Review

Abstract

Recent investigations have focused on human-artificial intelligence (AI) interaction (HAII), including Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) such as ChatGPT, which has emerged as an area of growing interest in the field of education. Despite numerous discussions on GAI usage in the educational setting, limited studies have examined the current trends, concerns, and future improvements. The current work performed a literature review of GAI, such as ChatGPT in education by applying the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) technique to assess and analyze relevant literature. The results discovered the current trends of ChatGPT in education, which were primarily related to the necessity for appropriate guidelines, regulations, and ethical frameworks to ensure sufficient responsibilities and ethics (fairness, transparency, privacy, security, and regulatory requirements) of usage for educational purposes. In addition, the major concerns were demonstrated to be the need for formulating pertinent guidelines and policies, ongoing monitoring, and continuous improvements to promote ethically and responsibly GAI, such as ChatGPT usage in educational settings. Potential areas of future improvement for utilizing GAI, such as ChatGPT in education, in terms of ethical and bias considerations, were also revealed. Thus, future researchers should address the ethical considerations of GAI, such as ChatGPT usage in education, as delineated in the current findings.

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